Resistance heater



Sept. 22, 1925. 1,554,857

P. H. KLEIN RES ISTANCE HEATER Filed Sept. 25, 1922 Peter H. Kleirvlf.

Patented Sept; 22, 19251u nitrati 'r PETER H. KIJEN, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

RESISTANCE HEATER.

Application filed September 25, 1922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known' that l, Farra il. KLEIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Trenton, in the county of Mercer and State of New Jersey, have invented Anew and useful lni'iroven'ients in Resistance Heaters, of which the following is a speciiicatioa.

illy invention relates to electric h, and more especially to electric heaters adaA ted to be used for heating liquid fuel preparatory for use in internal combustion engines commonly used in :uitonlobiles One of the objects off my invention is to provide an apparatus and means therein, by which fuel oil such as gasoline or any other suitable fuel adapted for use in interna combustion engine may be heated preparatory to its introduction into a carburetor on engine for better conditioning the fuel for explosion in the engine. The accomplishment of this object is desirable, because during cold Weather there is at times diiliculty experienced in starting an internal combustion engine, resulting from thc fact that the explosion chamber of the engine is too cool to permit a proper explosion of the fuel or fuel gas to take place upon its initial introduction into the explosion chamber. To overcome this difficulty it has been found desirable to heat the fuel oil before its introduction into the explosion chamber and to efficiently accomplish this l have provided an electrical heater, operating by resistance that is of simple construction and of few parts which can conveniently be installed in any usual form of motor car, and which has advantageous results which may hereinafter appear. y

Referring to the drawings in which like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts;

Fig. l is an elevation partly in section of iny heater enclosed in a. casing in operative relation to the fuel container.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed cross sectional 'view of the heater box or chan'iber and heating coil.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the heater box with thefuel container removed, showing the arrangement of the resistance coil in the boX.

Fig. t is a top plane view of Fig. 1 showing the formation of an annular ring like lid for closing the end of the casing.

Fig. 5 is a side view in detail showing the Serial No. 590,429.

arrangement of a coiled feed pipe placed around an exhaust for auxiliary heating of the fuel.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, my device consists of a substantially cylindrical casing 1 closed at the bottom and with a top open end for which is provided a suitable annular cover 2. The casing 1 has oppositely diametrically disposed enlarged portions and l 'while the lid is provided with similarly disposed and shaped portions to cover the portions 3 and 4 of the casing and to provide lugs through which bolts or other suitable fastening n'reans extend to hold the lid in closed operative relation to the casing. A central aperture 5 is provided in the base portion of the casing to admit therethrough a threaded electrical conductor 6 by which electrical current is carried to the heating apparatus within the casing 1. TNithin the casing l there is enclosed either wholly or in part a fuel container 7 of a substantially cylindrical shape provided with lug like extensions 8 at its base and a suitable top cover 9. From the top 9 there is provided an outlet 10 which carries thc fueloil or gas to the engine and an inlet 11 by means of which the fuel container '7 is supplied with fuel oil from the main supply tank (not shown). Beneath thel container 7 l provide a heater case or chamber 12 of cross sectional shape and size substantially similar to that of the fuel container. This case or chamber 12 is provided at its base with lugs 13 and 14 similar to the lug 8 at the base of the fuel container. The lugs 8 are provided with apertures 15 while the lugs 13 and 14C are .provided with similar apertures 16 which are adapted to register with each other and receive bolts 17 provided with nuts 1S by means of whi ch the fuel container and heater chamber are lirmly held in operative relation to each other. The bolts 17 further extend downwardly through apertures ,19 in the casing 'l and by means of nuts 20 hold the casing in assembled relation with the heater 12 and container 7 as shown in Fig. 1. The casing 1 and heater chamber 12 and fuel container 7 may be made of any suitable material preferably brass or bronze, for reasons well known in the art. The heater chamber 12 is provided with an inner lining 21 of asbestos, to prevent the radiation of heat from the chamber in directions other euii. rile f uer -u1 io :i gripping' ee iureugh uu ui ie euiiui zug; aprire i nie oue! ei i en the p' uuu er inthe.;

eel i re if i'ieu .riih ihe heed lu ri ihe eeuiie er ieuiue (i. hereieh'ire referred ie ue n ing through the eeurzii pertirui ei the buse efif the hezrier eiuuuher i2 und eifje f Causing' i. The piue' (5 is provided eu :i hreuded portion whieh elieuds ihreugh the heuter ehaiuher und die hase ei" 'he oui'er easing with au inA :iuiutiug washer Si zuid u uieiuiiie eieeiri mii;v ru'uuiuei'iug uut er u'usher 32 heiweeu which iuer :uid u uui 233 Threaded ou the eeuiziet plug ziueiher eeudueier 334i-, muy he seeiu'eiy heid iu eiee'rieei eeui'uet therewith. The eei'idueior 2i;- uiuy ieed 'reui a sioruge iuiiiiery er ei'her Suiiluhie Seuree ei eieetrieui euere); und Supiiijy eieeirieei uiergy iie he resiszuiee eeii www ,aging izryer ei? ashesuii'hiu ihe raising i zit au even teuiperuture 'ifo :i reiieouuhiy ieugperiod.

.i guppiy muh er reuu zuid the eeuiuiiier i' ur iuiet ii i'hereii`0r i ii' iiuii L eeuueeiugg or red pipe :EL3 which will Supply iuei 'io i. ewuiuiuer i frein ihe uiuiu euppij. uheu'u). '.iihis pipe 2353 iu uu iuer; periieu. pri/vided irih u ,Laerieu might proue/rh' he 'ziiied u reiujru euii ,verf tieu ii which if; of airy Suitzzhie er desired ie igfih :lud u'hieh iS eieeein'gy pesiiieued u'euud ihe er r suuiiuee 0iE :i leri'ieu ei the exhaust pipe Si' ei" the eugriiie @mi fiheu'u).

uiii he rseeu 'i'reui The ieregeiujg desil ipiieu that hy providing' :1 "essiug i, i reiuiu :is uueh pessihiee i'hei1eui:\'.'iiiiiuthe hezuer ehzuuiier i und zii-elliud he vi'uei eifiituiuer i, because of the uunuiur iid 2 Whieh eieses mui;

fhe epeuiuej zu' the iep ei the 'asiug l. 'ug i if; uiii he eeeu the iuei heuer ehzuuiier i5: ure zrfei'slzuii-.iiiy unitary reifu'ieii es ud ihm' hy hie iueuu; uueiu, A(uid reruei'ure f h :me he undere'eed ihzui 's deeired ie shirt 'fhe engine. he eut i iuixf ihe resisizziiee ."u wary @if predutiug iieeeiuers het i'he eeuuuiuer hee' ie the heur u iin: ieuutes rhein' uuieh he e-.itiei iii re x eug/hie Quei:

3 e iuei (zii in the reiuhigfuieu ehuiuer i i u hezzied ee iherei'ere, a more eereiii :und sion u'iii miie piace, eren iiuui.

el ihn eu.

mieu, u'

eeuw er e A Seine eilher euuee. iig," this i'ueeus eiuf'iu'ie he ueeeeeiiy v' 'fi i e; ire: meuh! uriseu. when :i eeuihufjiifm ehzuuher ei im eugiue iu eeid, Le uru die en me eue er mere i-iuiee und thereby pl i; ii iu e. more er lees Suizihiy hezied eeuditieu, iier ire-Lidy expirifiieu. li; .riii he :ippureul ihui iu orereeiuiug this; ueeeesiiy hy the prerisiou @if these iueeue ihu; 'uwe :added l nder eiiieieuey zuid eeuve'uieuee 5.x he opeiuiieu e'if uu iuerred eeiuhus-iliou euggiue in ihe iuii'iaii Shirtiug espeeiuiiy under eoudiiieue where ihe eiui'ihusiieu eiuuuiiitr ie eehi.

Hering siurted ihe eug'iue Yi provide lue-Luis u'hereh)Y Li e construit' iii'ieu uif 'ifuei eii iute ihe eouihueiieu ehzuuher \\'iii he zu; u suitehiy uurui teniperzuure iie permit eer- Vmili zuid eiiieieut eeuihuetieu; :uid iueuus which zliier 'he eugiiie hue ier-een shrlrped ier n compa 'uriveiy sherr period u'iii euuhie the fuel eii to he iutredueed inte he eoiiiiuifei'ieu eheiuber e e. suiuiiie iieiuper; iure upeu jhe re-eiiuri'iug ei the engine. This izitier luezuua is ihu' referred ie ne the pipe E35 zuid the return eeii seerieu 36 iheree. difspeted ureuud the exhuust pipe 23'? ei' rue eugiue. rfiii he apparent iihn'u ue i ie eugiue .ie ep erured und exhuusi's, jdie heil'y 'from the ef-- huuei pipe 3T u'iii he uhsorhed hy the reiuri.

eeii eeri'ieu 3u zuid i'he Yi'uei ei puesiugr here through ite he .'euuiue' 'iv und ihe eugiue (uut shmru), eed i'hui (his)I eeueiiziui' uhsurptien ei heui irmu 'hie Seuree wiii Se heur'. he pufiesiugr eii ihzu ii' `viii he deihxered te the, eeuihusiiieu -ehuiuher ei' he eugiue ui u Suiiuhie ieu). ereiure ie insure eeruiu rouihuei'ien.

.From the i0ree'ifiug` it u'iii he eeeu ii ui my heating :ipimruiue i ihere'iiere he adapted ie Che heuti'iijgj ei' iuei eii ier the iuitiui' iniredueiiou iiiie ihe eoiuhusi'imi ehzui'iher of uu internati eeuibuetieu engine,

in proper condition to insure its initial starting, even though the chamber be cold, and to further insure the introduction of fuel oil in a proper condition for positive res starting of the engine after it has been teinporarily stopped. The former heating as before stated is affected by the resistance coil :22 acting on the fuel containerl i' Weile the latter heating is affected by the heating of the exhaust pipe 37 and its acting on the return coil section 36 of the pipe lt is obvious therefore that the novel means provided in my heating apparatus and system arefpositive in operation simple in construction and arrangement and are of such compactl form and few parts that they are not readily dis-organized and can be conif'eniently installed in any usual form of vehicle operated by an internal combustion engine and that they may have other advantages and results not specifically herein set forth.

Although I have shown and described one form of the einbodiniient of my invention yet l do not wish to be limited thereby, for itis obvious that change-s may be made in the arrangement, organization, construction and relation of parts thereof without departing from the scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention what l 'claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is;

In a device of the character described the combination of a substantially cylindrical hollow casing, a heat insulating` lining Within said casing, a fuel oil container encased in and spaced apartv from said casing, means to supply fuel to said container', means to conduct fuel from said container, an annular lid surrounding said container and yclosing the open end of said casing, a heater chamber encased in said casing and detachably supporting said container thereon, a heat and electrical infnilatingl lining within said heater chamber, an electrical resistance element within said heater chan'iber, terminal contacts engaging the opposite ends of said resistance element and electrical conductors, connected to said terminal cont-acts and to a source of electrical energy, adapted thereby to heat said resistance member and the contents of said container.

ln testimony whereof l affix my signature.

PETER H. KLEIN. 

